Organic farming is the use of an agricultural product system reliant on green manure  compost, biological pest control, and crop rotation to produce crops, livestock and  popularity. In the other words, organic farming does not allow the use of synthetic  chemical fertilizer, antibiotics, herbicides, or pesticides. Organic centered agricultural  production system fosters the cycling of the resources to conserve biodiversity and promote ecological balance. The use of green manure, cover crops, animal manure, and soil rotation, to interrupt the habitation of pests and diseases, improve soil fertility and  maximize the soil biological activity are the primary aspects of organic farming. 

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORGANIC AND REGULAR/INORGANIC FARMING 

 Inorganic farming is a technique that certain farmers use to grow crops bigger and  faster. These farms use chemicals and fertilizers. 

 Organic farming is based on ecological orientation, but inorganic farming is based  on chemical orientation. Organic farming improves soil fertility and also ecosystem, but regular farming deteriorates soil fertility as well as impact the ecosystem. Organic farming  uses bio-fertilizer to improve irrigation and inorganic farming uses chemicals to fertilize the  crops and cause intensive irrigation. Organic farming is harmonious in nature but inorganic  farming is dominant in nature. Organic farming manually removes the weeds but on the  other hand regular farming also controls the weed by using herbicides. 

OBJECTIVE OF ORGANIC FARMING: 

 Organic farming may be adopted, to 

1. Increase genetic diversity. 

 2.Make sure of the right soil cultivation at the right time. 

 3.Controls biological pests, diseases and weeds. 

 4.Promote more usage of natural pesticides. 

TYPES OF ORGANIC FARMING: 

 1.PURE ORGANIC FARMING: –

 It involves the use of organic manures and bio-pesticides with complete avoidance  of inorganic chemicals and pesticides. 

 2.INTEGRATED ORGANIC FARMING: – 

 It involves integrated nutrients management and integrated pests management. It is  the type of farming where you grow crops from natural resources. Further, having the complete nutritive value and also managing to prevent the crop or plants. 

TECHNIQUES OF ORGANIC FARMING: – 

 1.CROP ROTATION: – 

 It is a technique to grow various kinds of crops in the same area, according to the  different seasons, in a sequential way. 

 2.GREEN MANURE: – 

 It refers to the dying plants that are uproots and turned into the soil to make them  act as a nutrient for the soil to increase its quality. 

 3.COMPOST: – 

 Highly rich in nutrients, it is a recycled organic matter used as a fertilizer in the  agriculture farms. 

 4.BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL: – 

 With this method, we use living organisms to control pests with or without the use  of chemicals. In other words, it is a sustainable method of pest management that  uses natural organisms to control pests in organic farming. 

METHODS OF ORGANIC FARMING: –

 1.SOIL MANAGEMENT: – 

 After cultivation of crops, the soil loses its nutrients and its quantity  deplete.Organic agriculture initiates the use of bacteria that is present in animal waste.  The bacteria help in making the soil nutrients more productive and fertile. 

 2.CROP DIVERSITY: – 

 Monoculture is the practice used in the agriculture fields where we harvest and  cultivate only one type of crop in a particular place. Recently, polyculture has come into existence, where we harvest and cultivate different kinds of crops. To meet the increasing crop  demand and produce the required soil microorganism. 

 3.WEED MANAGEMENT: – 

 Weed is an unwanted plant that grows in agricultural fields. Organic agriculture  focuses on lowering weed and not removing its employees completely. 

 The two most widely used weed management techniques are: –  . Mowing 

 . Mulching 

1. a) Mulching: –

 A process where we use plastic films or plant residue on the surface of the soil  to block the growth of weed. 

 b)Mowing or cutting: – 

 A process where there is a removal of weeds of top growth. 

 4.CONTROLLING OTHER ORGANISM: – 

 There are both useful and harmful organisms in the agricultural farm which affect  the field. So, we need to control the growth of such organisms to protect the soil and the  crops. We can do this by the use of herbicides and Pesticides that contain fewer chemicals  or are natural.

GOVERNMENT INITIATIVE FOR ORGANIC FARMING: – 

 1.MOVCD-NER (Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North Eastern Region)  

 2.ICAR contribution in promoting organic farming. 

 3.Promotion of the use of bio-fertilizer. 

 4.MIDH (Mission for Integrated Development of Horticultural)  

 5.National Center of Organic Farming. 

 6.National Agriculture Market etc.,